Although most dry skin is caused by exposure to harsh weather, chemicals and pollutants, it can also be a symptom of several more serious disorders diabetes, kidney disease and thyroid problems are among the most prevalent. Dry skin should always be investigated to ensure that these disorders are not present. Nutritional deficiencies can also be the cause, and should also be investigated, especially a deficiency in Vitamin A.

Vitamin A plays an important role in vision, bone growth, reproduction, cellular function, and the prevention and treatment of infection. It regulates the immune system, which produces white blood cells that destroy harmful bacteria and viruses. It contributes to the health of surface linings of the eyes, and the respiratory, urinary and intestinal tracts. When those linings break down, it becomes easier for bacteria to enter the body and cause infection. And it helps maintain the integrity of the mucous membranes and the skin, which also act as barriers to bacteria and viruses.

Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency include reduced night vision or night blindness, dry eyes, inflammation of the eyes or cornea, rough skin, dry skin, vulnerability to respiratory or urinary infections, loss of smell and appetite, fatigue, and growth retardation in children.

A healthy person who is able to digest and assimilate nutrients from their food is not at high risk for Vitamin A deficiency as long as they eat a good diet. Those who do not eat well or live on fast foods are more susceptible. The foods most rich in Vitamin A are meats, liver, dairy products, eggs, fruit, carrots, and green leafy vegetables.

Changing your diet, or supplementing it with Vitamin A, is effective as a dry skin treatment and prevention. Additionally, you should protect your skin from environmental damage with a good shielding lotion.